References

Hooks, B. (1994) Teaching to Transgress: Education as the Practice of Freedom

Center for Nonviolent Communication (no date) ‘NVC 101,’ Center for Nonviolent Communication. https://www.cnvc.org/learn/what-is-nvc: Accessed March ‘24

https://www.cast.org/impact/universal-design-for-learning-udl :Accessed March ‘24

https://belongingthroughassessment.myblog.arts.ac.uk/ :Accessed March ‘24

Hill, V. et al. (2023) ‘Belonging through assessment,’ Pipelines of Compassion QAA Collaborative Enhancement Project 2021

https://www.thoughtco.com/maslows-hierarchy-of-needs-4582571 : Accessed March ‘24

Russell, M. (2010) ‘Assessment patterns,’ A Review of the Possible Consequences

Damiani, L.M. (2018) ‘On the spectrum within art and design academic practice,’ Spark: UAL Creative Teaching and Learning Journal, 3(1), pp. 16–25.

https://youtu.be/M3O7MM5WuFo : Accessed January 24

Maslow, A.H. (1943) ‘A theory of human motivation.,’ Psychological Review

Chickering, A.W. and Gamson, Z.F. (1987) ‘Seven Principles for Good Practice in Undergraduate Education.’

https://committees.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/6613/pdf/ : Accessed March ‘24

http://decolonialsubversions.org/special_issue_2023.html : Accessed March ‘24

https://www.qaa.ac.uk/membership/collaborative-enhancement-projects/assessment/belonging-through-assessment-pipelines-of-compassion : Accessed March ‘24

https://learningspace.arts.ac.uk/login/index.php – For Disability inclusion toolkit: Accessed March ‘24

Observation of my Teaching Practice by my PGCert Tutor

Session/artefact to be observed/reviewed: Object based design session

Size of student group: 10

Observer: Carys Kennedy

Observee: Emily Sunnucks

Part One
Observee to complete in brief and send to observer prior to the observation or review:

What is the context of this session/artefact within the curriculum?

To discuss a session that I ran on 22.2.24 titled ‘design research review’ – the session was for a duration of 2.5hours and was constructed as such:

  • First 10 mins – reflect on the most recent hand in and how they were feeling following their first submission
  • Split class into two (approx 5 per group), 1 group to do the ‘object based exercise’ and 1 group to participate in group feedback relating to their chosen brand and research topics.
  • Last 10mins of session for reflection of exercise.

How long have you been working with this group and in what capacity?

I’ve been working with this group since they joined us in October and am their design tutor as well as year group tutor.

What are the intended or expected learning outcomes?

LO1     Utilise research to support the design and development process (Enquiry).

LO2     Create commercially focused design ideas for footwear design (Realisation,  

                Process).

LO3             Contextualise your design ideas through the writing of a design rationale   

               (Communication, Enquiry).

LO4             Demonstrate effective presentation skills including Verbal and Digital methods

               (Communication).

LO5         Work in a team effectively (Communication).

What are the anticipated outputs (anything students will make/do)?

Students will make a shoe, produce a technical file, sketchbook and portfolio – This session focused on the very beginning stages of the project: research/enquiry

Are there potential difficulties or specific areas of concern?

I wanted to reflect generally on the time management of the session, as I felt group 2 didn’t benefit as well from the designed activity.

How will students be informed of the observation/review?

NA

What would you particularly like feedback on?

The structure of the class and how to manage the designated lesson time so that students get the most out of the session.

How will feedback be exchanged?

Through the form

Part Two

Observer to note down observations, suggestions and questions:

Thanks Emily for talking me through the object-based learning activity you did with your students. You described the activity, where you asked students to bring in an object which represents their identity. In the session, you asked students to write about the object for five minutes; you then gave them ten minutes to draw the object. You explained that the intended learning outcome was for students to observe details more deeply, and to practice ‘noticing’. You acknowledged that your students are often multitasking and moving between images/videos very quickly, so this activity gives a rare opportunity to pause on one particular activity.

You split the group into two groups of five. One group did the object-based learning activity, while you discussed sketchbook feedback with the other. The group size was dictated in part by the sketchbook feedback, as you felt this works better in smaller groups. We paused to think more about group size and felt that the OBL activity could potentially work with a large group if you wanted it to (at least, the writing and drawing stages).

With the first group, you felt the activity went well. You noticed that the students were ‘bemused’ but they went along with it. You felt that the 5-minutes to describe the object in words ended up being a little too long, and you said you would reduce this next time. You chose not to tell students why they were being asked to do this, so as not to spoil it for the second group.

With the second group, there was less time due to an unexpected interruption. You felt that you couldn’t give Group 2 as much attention, and that it didn’t feel like quite enough time. You also noticed that, even though you had given them a break, some group members were ‘frazzled’ by their feedback.

Afterwards, you had a debrief with the students, asking open questions, and asking them how they could use this activity in their practice. You explained the intended learning outcomes, and the hope that by writing and drawing they are noticing in different ways, going deeper and seeing things they might not have noticed previously.

In the time since the activity, you noted that several students have been talking about the activity, and you have noticed that some of their designs are more detailed. You felt that the activity has begun to impact on their practice, and that their work is enhanced as a result. You noted that it is nice to ‘get away from the slideshow’ and do an activity which is more physical and embodied. You commented that the activity has acted as an ‘anchor point’ for students to refer to.

You said that you would have liked to have time for the students to share what they have drawn with other group members, but there was not enough time for this. You thought that, ideally, this activity could be done as an icebreaker with a group, with time for feedback.

We talked about the possibility of flashcards or written instructions, so students could work independently on this activity without you needing to monitor both groups – although it does sound like you managed this well.

I asked about what strategies you had to support students who may not be confident writers. You said that you let students know that their writing was just for them and wouldn’t be shared; you also invited students to write in their dominant language if they prefer. This prompted me to signpost you to an upcoming session about Decolonisation and Linguistic Diversity, which I thought might be of interest for you.

Throughout your account of the OBL activity, I noticed how attuned you were to the students – to their enjoyment, their ‘bemusement’, their being ‘frazzled’ after the sketchbook, and their attentiveness in the activity. You described a really strong level of responsiveness to your students, and it sounded like you took positive steps to create a safe environment where students can experiment. I’d invite you to try out other physical, embodied or just ‘different’ activities with your students, and see how they (and you) respond.

Part Three

Observee to reflect on the observer’s comments and describe how they will act on the feedback exchanged:

The discussion with Carys about this session was thought provoking and a helpful way to reflect on the activity with a view to making it stronger.

The course material for the TPP unit of the PGCert has been really inspiring for me as a relatively new teacher and I have been enjoying devising and trying out new ways of teaching my students key skills that they need to learn as a designer. The activity as described was inspired by the ‘Object based learning’ lecture and I also trialed a ‘mini’ version of the activity for my microteach activity.

I completely agree with Carys’ reflections about how the activity went and would like to discuss the possibility of extending this design session by one-hour next time I run it. This would enable me to situate this activity at the start of the session for the whole group as a ‘warm up’ for the rest of the session, whilst allowing them to learn a new way of perceiving and viewing their research, with suitability for design.

I will plan to describe each of the stages to my students as I did before. If I am not able to extend this session by an hour, then I will plan to make flash cards as cues for the next part of the activity, so that the students can be independent of me while I am focusing on giving sketchbook feedback to the other group.

Based on the experience of running this session three times (including the microteach), I am planning to make the following changes:

  1. I will reduce the writing activity to 2minutes and will explicitly state that non-native English speakers can write in their own dialect.
  2. I will make space for a debrief at the end of the activity to consolidate the learning of the students.

I would also like to continue to develop my overall lesson plans to include and make space for more activities such as this, to give the students space to really develop their core as a footwear designer. It’s been insightful to see the progression of the students work from last term to this term, the overall quality and seeming understanding of design process has really increased. This could obviously be because of many factors, but on hearing and participating in some of the conversations with the students I believe that this is in part because of the different ways in which I am facilitating the learning of their specialism.

I’m looking forward to continuing to research and develop new ways of teaching them in the future.

Observation of a PGCert Peer

Session/artefact to be observed/reviewed: One to One tutorials with final year students

Size of student group: 30 students in the group   / but for the observation time, possibly 3 to 4 students will be seen for the observation.

Observer:

Observee: Stephanie Cooper

Part One
Observee to complete in brief and send to observer prior to the observation or review:

What is the context of this session/artefact within the curriculum?

Unit 11 tutorials – Collection Realisation, creating garment prototypes from the student unit 9 design process

How long have you been working with this group and in what capacity?

Since 1st year – so all 3 years of their study. As Pathway Leader BA Fashion Design:Communication

What are the intended or expected learning outcomes?

Enquiry, Knowledge, Process, Realisation

What are the anticipated outputs (anything students will make/do)?

A toiled Collection of 6 prototype looks made from an already created design process.

Are there potential difficulties or specific areas of concern?

none

How will students be informed of the observation/review?

In person as the tutorials are 1 to 1 so in 1 hour it is possible to see around 3 students

What would you particularly like feedback on?

The level of creative advice and clarity of information of suggestions made in the tutorial

How will feedback be exchanged?

Through the available format.

Part Two

Observer to note down observations, suggestions and questions:

I joined Stephanie on campus and in the design studio at CSM where she was facilitating tutorials with her final year students. It was interesting firstly to learn about the course structure which is a combination of marketing and fashion design and the benefits of the students studying both disciplines. One student observed had already secured a marketing position and Stephanie that his understanding of how to create a fashion collection, in particular the amount of work that goes into the creation of garments, helped him in the successful appointment of his role.

It was a real pleasure to observe Stephanie in action during her tutorial session. I observed that she is personable, welcoming, and open with her students, creating a safe space and a reciprocal dialogue which is both validating and useful to the students in the development of their work. Walking through the corridors of CSM you could tell that Stephanie is well liked on campus and it was great to get a sense of the overall operation prior to the tutorial observation.

During my time with Stephanie, I had the opportunity to sit through three tutorials and was struck immediately with the inventiveness and quality of the work produced by the students (something that has inspired me to actively encourage my own students to become more hands on in their experimentation). Whilst delivering her feedback Stephanie would continually refer to the student’s research and back to the work being shown offering up helpful suggestions as well as opening questions to her students that were thought provoking and inspiring. She was very good at identifying areas that needed attention, challenging the students to take ownership and rectify potential problems. Referring particularly to student number one who needed to spend some time adding in functionality to her garments but seemed to have a clear understanding of how to go about achieving the requirement by the end of her tutorial.

Furthermore, commenting on the structure, it was really interesting to hear that a sequence of tutorials have been booked in, in preparation for a big critique with the head of the course in a few weeks’ time. This demonstrated a real consideration for the student experience in its aims to build them up and enable them to feel ready both for important course deadlines as well as the professional world.

To conclude, it’s clear that Stephanie has struck a balance of giving good advice to her students while also being very mindful of their thoughts and feelings, empowering the students to help themselves taking a central role in the developmental process. I found my time with her very inspiring as a tutor and felt that I learnt a lot that I’d like to input into my own practice. Thank you, Stephanie!

Part Three

Observee to reflect on the observer’s comments and describe how they will act on the feedback exchanged:

It is really insightful to receive the observations made by Emily as I aim to allow final year students to be empowered by their decisions based on their in depth research while being aware of the implications that their creative direction can lead to and being fully responsible in taking ownership of their entire creative process. I open up a challenging discussion about the design decision making while supporting students within their learning environment, so it is helpful to see that Emily had observed this process and commented on it. It is very rewarding for me to see how Emily understood the main points of the discussions held with students in the tutorials and to see how this created a safe space to identify areas in the student work that needed more attention and further development, and also to allow students to feel confident about the important decision making made within the design process and to see this as an continuously evolving creative output that was enabled by a nurturing and challenging discussion in tutorials.

 I am particularly going to focus and act on the area outlined by Emily about creating a confident build up to the students attitude towards their work before the up coming important presentation deadline and to help them feel empowered by what they will present knowing that they have received constant critique and appraisal throughout the tuition process. The comments made about students taking a central role in their decision making is a really good description of how I would like them to approach their learning. 

Observation of my Practice by a PGCert Peer

Session/artefact to be observed/reviewed: End of unit assessment

Size of student group: 10

Observer: Stephanie Cooper

Observee: Emily Sunnuck

Part One
Observee to complete in brief and send to observer prior to the observation or review:

What is the context of this session/artefact within the curriculum?

The feedback is conclusive of the students first unit ‘Footwear Design Technologies’ in which the students have to select a concept and undertake design process to produce a final shoe. They also have to produce a technical file documenting all of the new footwear pattern cutting and making skills learnt in their first term.

How long have you been working with this group and in what capacity?

I’ve been working with this group since they joined us in October

What are the intended or expected learning outcomes?

LO1 Utilise technical applications and processes involved in footwear design and development (Knowledge, Process).

LO2 Engage with pattern cutting techniques for specified footwear and genres (Process, Realisation).

LO3 Apply skills appropriate to the required construction for specified footwear (Process, Knowledge).

LO4 Undertake practical experimentation which includes learnt technical skills (Enquiry, Communication).

LO5 Accurately record design and technical processes (Communication).

What are the anticipated outputs (anything students will make/do)?

Students will make a shoe, produce a technical file, sketchbook and portfolio

Are there potential difficulties or specific areas of concern?

It will be helpful to get some feedback on my assessment write up.

How will students be informed of the observation/review?

NA

What would you particularly like feedback on?

The tone of voice – how well feedback is written in terms of clarity and encouragement

How will feedback be exchanged?

Through the form

Part Two

Observer to note down observations, suggestions and questions:

Emily provided examples of written feedback following a project which was from the first unit with the outcome of designing and making a shoe with supporting sketchbook, portfolio and technical information. There was a wide range of grading examples to review with grades between A to F. The feedback addresses the students personally by name with a positive and encouraging written tone and in all the examples there is a prolific amount of informative comments summing up the project outcomes and suggestions made about how the students could improve their work both technically and creatively.

The listed descriptions of the areas of the project outcomes that were successful and the areas that required more attention are clearly communicated and relatable to the specific elements of the submitted work. Emily has taken great care to explain the specifics of the design realisation and also how the student has explored and executed proportion, shape, detail, technical process and time management. There are clearly a very wide rage of elements to the project requirements including concept research, design development, sketch book creation, portfolio edit, making processes and technical specifications that are covered in the feedback with clear descriptions of specific area of discussion with praise, advice and constructive critique given in equal measure.

The project clearly had very specific requirements which the students needed to include in their process and they were informed if this requirement had not been met and given clear suggestions as to how this could have been approached differently and improved. Emily is very generous in congratulating a student who has achieved a high grade and writes with genuine pleasure in being able to award an A to a deserving student. Equally Emily is supportive and understanding if a student has not achieved a high grade and is careful in writing the criticism to encourage more communication and better engagement with the tutor team. 

In the E and F grades the feedback was very clearly written and explained why the work did not reach the requirements in the learning outcomes. The student was given an opportunity for an additional tutorial as a follow up, which is a really supportive way to progress and create more tutor engagement with the student and creating a further opportunity for receiving advice.

There are some really detailed areas of feedback and suggestions, including explaining how to use colouring pens, how to annotate, create a portfolio and very specific technical information in the shoe making process which offers solid advice for the student to follow and clearly demonstrates Emily’s personal technical ability and how this is shared with the students.

There are some areas of the feedback that veer into more informal and less academic use of wording, such as describing a layout as ‘plonked’, but given that the general tone of the written feedback is coming from a highly approachable, open and encouraging place, this is in keeping with the overall friendliness in the tone of the wording.

 Emily’s feedback demonstrates how positive and approachable she is as an educator and how this reflects in her teaching style along with an enthusiasm and passion for her subject, which is really well communicated in her written critiques. Emily also includes very detailed and specific technical information that originates from her own skill set and offers students valuable insights into improvement of their technical making skills.  

Part Three

Observee to reflect on the observer’s comments and describe how they will act on the feedback exchanged:

I feel really pleased after reading Stephanie’s observations on my written assessment. It’s good to read that my assessment feedback is digested as being compassionate and considerate of my students’ feelings and needs, as this is the way that I intend my feedback to be acknowledged and, when marking, I spend a considerable amount of time writing it to be perceived in this way.

Going forward I will continue to be mindful of the students’ feelings and needs and writing feedback that reflects this. I will also plan to improve my language to be written in a more academic manor and steer away from words that are not typically used in this capacity.

Overall, I feel that this written response to my feedback has been a great confidence boost. I can often feel nervous when constructing assessment feedback, thinking about how it will be interpreted by the students. Particularly for the lower tier or fail grades. Having been a student, I realise how impactful it can be to the student’s long term and I always try to come from a place of genuine support. Having received this feedback that I will feel much less nervous and more assured when completing assessment in the future.

Case Study 3 – Assess and or Give Feedback for Learning

Intro and background

I am a HPL first-year design tutor, currently looking after a year group and responsible for assessment. The assessment conducted on my course is summative and students are expected to submit all their work at the end of each unit. The students in the first year come from a range of different backgrounds and educational backgrounds (as mentioned in case study 1), with some used to the expectations of HE and some are not.

Evaluation

When new to a different way of study, students can struggle to manage their time and can get overwhelmed with the workload.Despite getting regular feedback throughout the term in their design sessions, the emphasis on the summative assessment at the end can feel like a lot of pressure with the focus is on the grade, rather than the work completed.

Moving forward 

In the first instance, and something that I have already been doing, is to try to add in some ‘mini’ deadlines and formative assessment points. One formative assessment point prior to a big break (Winter or Spring) as typically in our unit structures, the students are expected to come to the first session following this break with a fully developed design proposal that they have selected to make.

Secondly, to make use of technology such as Padlet, scheduling in deadlines for the students to upload certain pieces of work for feedback. Based on the student’s timetable, create four ‘mini deadlines’ in which the students can upload work to a Padlet or similar technological software for tutor feedback. By introducing the mini deadlines, it will help the students to break down their workload into manageable chunks during the term, as well as offering them feedback on how the work could be improved, inspired by ‘Assessment Patterns’ [M.Russell, 2010]

Explore formalising assessment points for each of the elements required for submission by the brief rather than one big summative assessment point at the end. Proposal: A sketchbook, a portfolio, and a technical file/product development record and the outcome [M.Russell, 2010]. Each element would have its own assessment point and date, with feedback written specifically for the element submitted resulting in individual grades that would then be totalled up/balanced out utilising a tool. (Perhaps this could be done in collaboration a fellow peer on the PGCERT, who’s currently developing the GDC Unit 8 grader).

Finally, after researching the impact of introducing pass/fail as ‘compassionate feedback’ [Hill. V Et al, 2023] consider if it could be beneficial to students in their first year. An idea is to make each area of submission pass / fail so that the pressure to ‘grade chase’ is removed as they enter a new format of study. Evidence suggests raised anxiety when grades are re-introduced, to combat this, we could introduce a final summative deadline at the end of the year. It could be that the students put together and submit a portfolio of the work they are most proud of (and that they know is already a ‘pass’ standard) to get a final grade, this would be designed to prepare them for the re-introduction of a graded system for the rest of their studies.

To conclude…

I believe based on my research as mentioned above that these steps would be a healthy way of introducing the students to a new educational system compassionately.

Case Study 2: Plan for and Approach Student Learning Through Different Approaches and Environments

Intro and background

‘Over 20% of the creative labour force are neuro diverse’ [Charles Freeman and Becki Morris] as opposed to 14% of the general population, this is not considering the percentage of people that are undiagnosed– which would lead to the assumption that a high number of students are neurodivergent. However, as most educational materials and course structures have been developed over time by neurotypical brains and for neurotypical brains, it can overlook the needs of neurodiverse students, and be based upon a ‘medical model’ rather than a ‘social model’ of ‘disability inclusion’ (UAL Disability Inclusion Toolkit, 2024)

Evaluation

As first year HPL year and design tutor, I have limited time with my students to fit in the required learning materials for design process, combined with relatively short briefs and time on each project. The workload that the students need to complete can feel overwhelming to most, and the overlap of different topics and learnings can be especially challenging for students with neurodiversity as well as the general population of new students. These factors can lead to the students feeling overwhelmed and sometimes resulting in them disengaging with the course material.

Moving forward

Ensure that I am mindful of how many activities are included in each session – focusing on a basic methodology to include an ice breaker / small exercise to get students tuned in and able to focus on the greater task at hand. Then, an activity showcasing what part of process learning / facilitating a hands-on task to enable students experience in activity. If showcasing examples, ensure backgrounds are clear, with visual rather than text heavy referenced (if text used, highlighting key words and sentences) and including multimedia for varying needs. Also ensure that it is sent out via e-mail to be printable / translatable for students. Finally ensuring students are aware that they can record the activity / presentation if it will help them with their learnings (Based on UDL Guidelines and UAL Disability Toolkit)

Be present and on campus once a week (contract permitting) so that students can check in with me about their work even if they do not have scheduled activity.

In the case of overwhelm / being unable to process and work on multiple areas of their projects, offer a weekly check in outside of classroom, via video link or face to face, to ensure learning is being understood and that they don’t disengage with the process. This will allow workload to be broken down into smaller more manageable chunks.

Encourage students to make use of technology to enhance and support their work e.g. running written evaluations through ai tool such as chat GPT and asking it to improve spelling and grammar for the pasted text.

In the case that English is not a student’s first language, encourage them to write in their own language if it is not necessary for the writing to be understood by the tutor.

Check in to ensure that they understand the task at hand and are feeling confident about participating in activity. Write notes/key words/ draw pictures to explain what needs to be done.

To conclude…

Although my initial research for this case study was focused on neuro-divergent student’s needs, I believe that these steps could be beneficial for all students.

Case Study 1: Use Evidence Informed Approaches to Know and Respond to your Students Diverse Needs

Intro and background

As a first-year tutor I am responsible for making my students feel at ease within the classroom, with each other and in building their confidence as they enter higher education (HE) for the first time. It’s important for this to be considered, along with their varying backgrounds, when structuring and planning my sessions.

Evaluation

Students join us from lots of different cultures and backgrounds, with varying degrees of understanding in the English language. Some have experienced HE in the context of a foundation degree, but many have not. Their experience of further education (FE) can drastically vary, which can prove challenging in the first year, of which the target is to develop them to have an equal understanding of HE and what is expected. With the overall goal of preparing them for the rest of the degree course and in building their confidence and knowledge as young designers.

Some students are living away from home for the very first time, some can experience fundamental personal issues, such as financial and housing issues which can lead to mental health issues. As per Maslows theory [A.Maslow, 1943] this can affect their ‘self-esteem’ and ability to ‘self-actualise’.

I believe that an essential component to building the students self-esteem and confidence is to develop a ‘team’ atmosphere within the classroom, to create a situation in which the students are comfortable with one another and trusting of their peers [Inspired by B.Hooks, 1994 and Chickering and Gamson, 1987]

Moving Forward

I will plan to develop and facilitate a range of ‘ice-breakers’ and opportunities that are specifically designed with comradery and fun in mind. One idea is to host a ‘speed-dating’ session, in which the students and tutors will have up to 5minutes with each person and be able to ask several formulated questions to ‘break the ice’ and help them to begin to feel more settled with one another. It’s important to include tutors within this process, so they are seen as an equal participant in the classroom [B.Hooks, 1994]

I will also plan to add in a social evening in which students can come in and customise a pair of shoes with one another, over drinks and nibbles, so long as this is permitted by the University.  

Leaning upon the theory of Bell Hooks in ‘Teaching to transgress’ I will create safe space, encouraging an environment in which the students feel held, supported, and confident in showing their work, receiving, and giving feedback.

Moving Forward

To conclude, based on the theory of Maslow and Hooks, I believe that the steps outlined above will help the students in settling into their higher education journey. I will aim to include tutors and more senior peers in the process so that they feel as though they are fully immersed in the Footwear environment and begin to build upon their network.

Blog Post 4: Compassionate Feedback and it’s Place in the Tutor – Student Relationship.

Reflections following the interrogating spaces podcast, ‘compassionate feedback,’

This podcast was really insightful in compassion, not only focused on assessment, but within the learning environment as a whole. I believe that compassion is key to building trust with students. The discussion within this podcast really reflected this and made me think of ‘Teaching to Transgress, Bell Hooks,’ a book that has deeply affected and inspired my teaching practice.

The radiant joy of Keith Haring – Etta Loves US
Keith Haring heart because compassionate teaching is LOVE.

The idea of compassion as a collaborative rather than individual process was discussed within the podcast and the notion that it should extend to all members of the learning community, staff and students alike. This helps to embed it as a philosophy within the University environment and to be seen as the ‘norm’. Liz Bunting refers to theorist ‘‘Youssef Wikid, who writes about how teachers can show compassion when they endeavor to see things from the students perspective.’ I believe that this should also extend to technicians and staff members alike which would help all to internalize these practices.

A key principle to this would be the use of non-violent communication (NVC), ‘Nonviolent Communication is a way of being in the world that has the purpose is to serve life and to create connection in such a way that everyone’s needs can be met through natural care.’ [Center for Nonviolent Communication: 09/03.24]. Importantly, within the University setting it’s acknowledging that as a tutor it’s important to be mindful of the language that we use, as well as our body language and intonations of our voice, as all of these can be signals to students about how well their work is being received. Dr Anna Troisi refers to NVC as the point being able to connect to one another in a more conscious way and goes on to say that, ‘ it is more a sort of ongoing reminder to keep our attention really focused on giving from the heart, and at the same time experiencing fully the joy that comes from reaching another person’s life. And to arrive to a mutual desire to communicate with compassion.’

Within the context of assessment, it’s a reminder that as educators we are required to simply evaluate the work by observing what we see in front of us and then make a helpful suggestion as to how the student could improve it. Steering away from emotive language that conveys excitement, negativity or other emotions, such as ‘excellent’ and ‘unfortunately’ as this could be perceived by the students as a judgement on their work or performance, relating to the taste of the tutor. An impact of which could be that the student creates work that they feel the tutor would like rather than what would be personally interesting or beneficial to them and their goals.

Holding space in critique and involving students in that process, encouraging students to share helpful feedback rather than saying something is ‘nice’ or ‘good, and also ensuring that each student gets equal opportunity and time for feedback, is essential to the act of compassion within the classroom. Reminiscent of my learnings from Hooks, ‘As a classroom community, our capacity to generate excitement is deeply affected by our interest in one another, in hearing one another’s voices, in recognizing one another’s presence’ and that ‘education is the practice of freedom.'[Hooks, 1994]

Blog Post 3: Barriers facing students in the first – year (level 4)

When reading the article, ‘Belonging through assessment, pipelines to compassion‘ [Hill et al. (2023)] I was particularly drawn to the chapter on ‘trauma informed policies’: page 67-70 and especially in the context of being a first-year tutor. Although focused on assessment specifically, I was interested in viewing the article as a suggestive piece on how to approach student centered learning embedded with holistic well-being and the importance of a trusting relationship between student and tutor, particularly in the first-year of HE (higher education) as for many students not only are they embarking on a new way of working and learning, but they are often living away from home for the first time, sometimes in an entirely new country, having to learn basic ‘survival’ skills such as cooking/shopping/washing for themselves, paying rent and bills, and living off a budget – some even find themselves in their first part-time job. All of this can be quite hard for them to manage and can impact on their overall happiness and ease in settling into a new environment, causing additional stress and anxiety.

The issues outlined above triggered me to think about Maslow’s theory [Maslow, 1943] and the hierarchy of needs which explores the notion of hierarchal needs and the disruption to life in the sense of satisfaction and fulfilment if those needs are not met. Please see diagram below.

Source: https://www.thoughtco.com/maslows-hierarchy-of-needs-4582571 [Accessed 09/03/24]

For example: If a student was to have a delay in accessing their student loan and therefore couldn’t afford to pay their rent or buy food, this would mean that their ‘physiological’ and ‘safety’ needs were not being met, which would impact in turn on their ‘love and belonging’, ‘esteem’, and ‘self-actualization’ needs. In the context of university study this might mean that they don’t feel a sense of connection with their class mates or tutors, that they become withdrawn and unable to focus on their studies, their self-esteem might fall resulting in them feeling as though they are not good at their subject (which in design education can be rife because design and product creation is such an extension of the self, sometimes leading to feelings of vulnerability anyway). All of which can impact on their ability to self-actualize and become the very best they can be with regards to their studies as well as in their overall development into adulthood.

Based on the aforementioned article, specifically the chapter ‘trauma informed policies’. I believe that as an educator, it’s really important to build up a trusting relationship with students as well as being present and able to talk, to help to ‘mitigate the destructive nature of trauma’ (in the context of basic needs not being met). In the instance of them not feeling ‘safe’ this trusting relationship would help them to feel supported, held and able to discuss issues, which would help the member of staff / tutor to signpost students to mechanisms and support systems that can guide them.

Ultimately, for a student to thrive and succeed in becoming who they are destined to be, not only do their basic needs need to be met, but they need to feel safe in confiding in their tutors should problems arise leading to instability within their lives. If this is not the case then they may leave the HE system, or their overall results may be impacted, which could affect their viewpoint of themselves/ mental health and well being longer term.

Further references: A video explanation of Maslows hierarchy of needs:

Blog Post 2: Thoughts about ‘Assessment Patterns’ Article

Two things have recently happened to challenge the way I approach and think about assessment, in this article I’m going to review the following article ‘assessment patterns [M.Russell, 2010] in relation to Footwear and thoughts on changes that could be made to the current model of assessment.

This article challenges the typical way that assessment is conducted on arts courses in HE and I could see much similarities with the way that we conduct assessment on LCF, Cordwainers Footwear.

See figure 1 and 2 below:

Last year, I added a formative assessment point to the timetable, situated just before a long holiday to enable the students to show all their work to date, which I believe, helped the overall attainment of their grade. However, I still felt that more could be done, as stakes were still too high and despite regular feedback in scheduled sessions, as these sessions are not treated as ‘deadlines’ students frequently were falling behind and finding it difficult to manage their workload.

I decided to trial a further idea, which was to set a series of mini deadlines, utilising Padlet, setting dates on which students need to upload a specific piece of work to the padlet, that would enable me, as their tutor to give regular feedback.

I found it really interesting on reading Russell 2010, to see this methodology mapped out in the following diagram.

See Figure 2:

Although, I felt that this enhanced student work and attainment even further, I still feel more can be done. Also considering that students have a multitude of needs, including language barriers, neuro-diversities and the pressure of having to manage a job alongside their studies to fund their degrees.

Figure 3 of the article really got me thinking and I think it could be the perfect solution to the challenges and pressure that students face in getting their work completed on time and to a standard that they are proud of.

Some thoughts on the way that this model could work on our particular pathway are:

The input of low stake feedback points (Padlet, formative feedback points), combined with medium stake assessment points, proposed: Sketchbook submission, portfolio submission and final outcome with product development record submission. By breaking it down to the individual elements required of the brief, I feel it may help students to manage their workload better and would reduce the number of referral/deferral as well as to improve the overall grades and attainment.

Some further reading into compassionate assessment – with specific research into pass/fail marking – https://www.qaa.ac.uk/membership/collaborative-enhancement-projects/assessment/belonging-through-assessment-pipelines-of-compassion